@article {RN138,
	title = {Trends in Physical Properties at the Southern New England Shelf Break},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans},
	volume = {125},
	number = {2},
	year = {2020},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {We analyze 11 years (2003{\textendash}2013) of repeat temperature and salinity sections from across the New England shelf break south of Cape Cod during early summer (June{\textendash}July). The mean sections resolved the shelf break front which supports the Shelf Break Jet, a vital component of the regional circulation. Individual sections showed a great deal of variability associated with meanders in the shelf break front consistent with previous studies in the region. Over the 11 year record, the shelf region (inshore of the 100 m isobath) warmed by 0.26 {\textdegree}C yr urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0001, with the majority of this warming occurring shallower than 20 m (0.58 {\textdegree}C yr urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0002). The full-depth trend agrees well with previous studies of shelf warming to the north and the south of our study region. The temperature and salinity of the offshore edge of the Cold Pool Water on the shelf did not change significantly during this period. The surface warming on the shelf resulted in a decrease in near-surface density of 0.12 kg m urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0003 yr urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0004 and an increase in stratification between 10 and 15 m of urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0005 s urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0006 yr urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0007. Offshore of the shelf break, the Slope Water also warmed and became more saline by 0.21 {\textdegree}C yr urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0008 and 0.04 yr urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0009 respectively, resulting in a maximal reduction in density of 0.01 kg m urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0010 yr urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23814:jgrc23814-math-0011. In the Shelf Break Front, there is some evidence of freshening and a reduction in density, which may have resulted from an offshore shift in the Cold Pool but the statistical significance is small.},
	doi = {10.1029/2019jc015784},
	url = {https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1124209727 https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2019JC015784},
	author = {Harden, B. E. and Gawarkiewicz, G. G. and Infante, M.}
}
@article {RN16,
	title = {Dynamics of the direct intrusion of Gulf Stream ring water onto the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {42},
	number = {18},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {7687-7695},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {Onshore intrusions of offshore waters onto the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf can greatly affect shelf circulation, biogeochemistry, and fisheries. Previous studies have concentrated on onshore intrusions of slope water. Here we present a direct intrusion of Gulf Stream warm-core ring water onto the shelf representing a previously unknown exchange process at the shelfbreak. Impingement of warm-core rings at the shelfbreak generates along-isobath intrusions that grow like Pinocchio{\textquoteright}s nose, extending hundreds of kilometers to the southwest. By combining satellite and Ocean Observatory Initiative Pioneer Array data and idealized numerical simulations, we discover that the intrusion results from topographically induced vorticity variation of the ring water, rather than from entrainment of the shelfbreak frontal jet. This intrusion of the Gulf Stream ring water has important biogeochemical implications and could facilitate migration of marine species across the shelfbreak barrier and transport low-nutrient surface Gulf Stream ring water to the otherwise productive shelfbreak region.

},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1002/2015gl065530},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000363412400056},
	author = {Zhang, W. F. G. and Gawarkiewicz, G. G.}
}
@article {RN232,
	title = {Is biological productivity enhanced at the New England shelfbreak front?},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans},
	volume = {118},
	number = {1},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {517-535},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {[1] A two-dimensional (cross-shelf) numerical model of the mean seasonal circulation offshore of southern New England predicts upwelling at the shelfbreak front. Expected ramifications of this upwelling include enhancement of nutrient supply, phytoplankton biomass, and productivity. However, seasonal climatologies of chlorophyll based on both in situ data and satellite observations show no mean enhancement at the front. We investigate this apparent discrepancy with a four-component planktonic ecosystem model coupled to the two-dimensional physical model. Nutrient fields are restored to climatological values at depth, and upper ocean values evolve freely according to physical and biological forcing. Vertical diffusivity is based on seasonally averaged surface and bottom mixed layer depths compiled from in situ observations. The model reproduces the general pattern of the observed cross-shelf and seasonal variations of the chlorophyll distribution. It predicts a local enhancement of phytoplankton productivity at the shelfbreak in spring and summer as a result of the persistently upwelled nutrient-rich slope water. In the model, zooplankton grazing prevents accumulation of phytoplankton biomass at the site of the upwelling. The predicted enhancement of primary productivity (but not phytoplankton biomass) at the shelfbreak constitutes a hypothesis that could be tested in the future with suitable measurements from regional long-term observatories, such as the Ocean Observatories Initiative Pioneer Array.},
	issn = {2169-9275},
	doi = {10.1002/jgrc.20068},
	author = {Zhang, W. F. G. and McGillicuddy, D. J. and Gawarkiewicz, G. G.}
}
@article {RN233,
	title = {Direct interaction between the Gulf Stream and the shelfbreak south of New England},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {Sea surface temperature imagery, satellite altimetry, and a surface drifter track reveal an unusual tilt in the Gulf Stream path that brought the Gulf Stream to 39.9{\textdegree}N near the Middle Atlantic Bight shelfbreak--200 km north of its mean position--in October 2011, while a large meander brought Gulf Stream water within 12 km of the shelfbreak in December 2011. Near-bottom temperature measurements from lobster traps on the outer continental shelf south of New England show distinct warming events (temperature increases exceeding 6{\textdegree}C) in November and December 2011. Moored profiler measurements over the continental slope show high salinities and temperatures, suggesting that the warm water on the continental shelf originated in the Gulf Stream. The combination of unusual water properties over the shelf and slope in late fall and the subsequent mild winter may affect seasonal stratification and habitat selection for marine life over the continental shelf in 2012.

},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	doi = {10.1038/srep00553},
	author = {Gawarkiewicz, G. G. and Todd, R. E. and Plueddemann, A. J. and Andres, M. and Manning, J. P.}
}
