@article {roberts_blueprint_2023,
	title = {A blueprint for integrating scientific approaches and international communities to assess basin-wide ocean ecosystem status},
	journal = {Communications Earth \& Environment},
	volume = {4},
	number = {1},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Number: 1 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	month = {jan},
	abstract = {Ocean ecosystems are at the forefront of the climate and biodiversity crises, yet we lack a unified approach to assess their state and inform sustainable policies. This blueprint is designed around research capabilities and cross-sectoral partnerships. We highlight priorities including integrating basin-scale observation, modelling and genomic approaches to understand Atlantic oceanography and ecosystem connectivity; improving ecosystem mapping; identifying potential tipping points in deep and open ocean ecosystems; understanding compound impacts of multiple stressors including warming, acidification and deoxygenation; enhancing spatial and temporal management and protection. We argue that these goals are best achieved through partnerships with policy-makers and community stakeholders, and promoting research groups from the South Atlantic through investment and engagement. Given the high costs of such research ({\texteuro}800k to {\texteuro}1.7M per expedition and {\texteuro}30{\textendash}40M for a basin-scale programme), international cooperation and funding are integral to supporting science-led policies to conserve ocean ecosystems that transcend jurisdictional borders.},
	keywords = {Marine biology, physical oceanography},
	issn = {2662-4435},
	doi = {10.1038/s43247-022-00645-w},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-022-00645-w},
	author = {Roberts, J. Murray and Devey, Colin W. and Biastoch, Arne and Carreiro-Silva, Marina and Dohna, Tina and Dorschel, Boris and Gunn, Vikki and Huvenne, Veerle A. I. and Johnson, David and Jollivet, Didier and Kenchington, Ellen and Larkin, Kate and Matabos, Marjolaine and Morato, Telmo and Naumann, Malik S. and Orejas, Covadonga and Perez, J. Angel A. and Ragnarsson, Stef{\'a}n {\'A} and Smit, Albertus J. and Sweetman, Andrew and Unger, Sebastian and Boteler, Benjamin and Henry, Lea-Anne}
}
@article {fruh-green_diversity_2022,
	title = {Diversity of magmatism, hydrothermal processes and microbial interactions at mid-ocean ridges},
	journal = {Nature Reviews Earth \& Environment},
	year = {2022},
	note = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {1{\textendash}20},
	abstract = {Hydrothermal circulation and alteration at mid-ocean ridges and ridge flanks have a key role in regulating seawater chemistry and global chemical fluxes, and support diverse ecosystems in the absence of light. In this Review, we outline tectonic, magmatic and hydrothermal processes that govern crustal architecture, alteration and biogeochemical cycles along mid-ocean ridges with different spreading rates. In general, hydrothermal systems vary from those that are magmatic-dominated with low-pH fluids >300 {\textdegree}C to serpentinizing systems with alkaline fluids <120 {\textdegree}C. Typically, slow-spreading ridges (rates <40 mm yr-1) have greater variability in magmatism, lithology and vent chemistry, which are influenced by detachment faults that expose lower-crustal and serpentinized mantle rocks. Hydrothermal alteration is an important sink for magnesium, sodium, sulfate and bicarbonate, and a net source of volatiles, iron and other nutrients to the deep ocean and vent ecosystems. Magmatic hydrothermal systems sustain a vast, hot and diverse microbial biosphere that represents a deep organic carbon source to ocean carbon budgets. In contrast, high-pH serpentinizing hydrothermal systems harbour a more limited microbial community consisting primarily of methane-metabolizing archaea. Continued advances in monitoring and analytical capabilities coupled with developments in metagenomic technologies will guide future investigations and discoveries in hydrothermal systems.},
	keywords = {Element cycles, Geochemistry, Marine biology, Tectonics},
	issn = {2662-138X},
	doi = {10.1038/s43017-022-00364-y},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-022-00364-y},
	author = {Fr{\"u}h-Green, Gretchen L. and Kelley, Deborah S. and Lilley, Marvin D. and Cannat, Mathilde and Chavagnac, Valerie and Baross, John A.}
}
