@article {gawarkiewicz_increasing_2022,
	title = {Increasing Frequency of Mid-Depth Salinity Maximum Intrusions in the Middle Atlantic Bight},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans},
	year = {2022},
	abstract = { Shelfbreak exchange processes have been studied extensively in the Middle Atlantic Bight. An important process occurring during stratified conditions is the Salinity Maximum Intrusion. These features are commonly observed at the depth of the seasonal pycnocline, and less frequently at the surface and bottom. Data collected from NOAA{\textquoteright}s National Marine Fisheries Service Ecosystem Monitoring program as well as data collected from the fishing industry in Rhode Island show that the middepth intrusions are now occurring much more frequently than was reported in a previous climatology of the intrusions (Lentz, 2003, https:// doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001859). The intrusions have a greater salinity difference from ambient water and penetrate large distances shoreward of the shelf break relative to the earlier climatology. The longer term data from the Ecosystem Monitoring program indicates that the increase in frequency occurred in 2000, and thus may be linked to a recent regime shift in the annual formation rate of Warm Core Rings by the Gulf Stream. Given the increased frequency of these salty intrusions, it will be necessary to properly resolve this process in numerical simulations in order to account for salt budgets for the continental shelf and slope.},
	keywords = {continental shelf processes, hydrography, intrusion, middle Atlantic bight, shelfbreak front, warm core ring},
	issn = {2169-9275},
	doi = {10.1029/2021jc018233},
	author = {Gawarkiewicz, G and Fratantoni, P and Bahr, F and Ellertson, A}
}
@article {RN137,
	title = {Characteristics of an Advective Marine Heatwave in the Middle Atlantic Bight in Early 2017},
	journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {712},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {There has been wide interest in Marine Heatwaves and their ecological consequences in recent years. Most analyses have focused on remotely sensed sea surface temperature data due to the temporal and spatial coverage it provides in order to establish the presence and duration of Heatwaves. Using hydrographic data from a variety of sources, we show that an advective Marine Heatwave was initiated by an event in late December of 2016 south of New England, with temperature anomalies measuring up to 6{\textdegree}C and salinity anomalies exceeding 1 PSU. Similar features were observed off of New Jersey in February 2017, and are associated with the Shelfbreak Front migrating from its normal position to mid-shelf or further onshore. Shelf water of 34 PSU was observed just north of Cape Hatteras at the 30 m isobath and across the continental shelf in late April 2017. These observations reveal that the 2017 Marine Heatwave was associated with a strong positive salinity anomaly, that its total duration was approximately 4 months, and its advective path extended roughly 850 km along the length of the continental shelf in the Middle Atlantic Bight. The southward advective velocity implied by the arrival north of Cape Hatteras is consistent with previous estimates of alongshelf velocity for the region. The origin of this Marine Heatwave is likely related to cross-shelf advection driven by the presence of a Warm Core Ring adjacent to the shelfbreak south of New England.},
	keywords = {coastal ocean circulation, Heatwave, middle Atlantic bight, shelfbreak front, warm core ring},
	doi = {10.3389/fmars.2019.00712},
	url = {https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1122782128 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00712/pdf},
	author = {Gawarkiewicz, Glen and Chen, Ke and Forsyth, Jacob and Bahr, Frank and Mercer, Anna M. and Ellertson, Aubrey and Fratantoni, Paula and Seim, Harvey and Haines, Sara and Han, Lu}
}
