@article {cerovecki_impact_2022,
	title = {Impact of downward longwave radiative deficits on Antarctic sea-ice extent predictability during the sea ice growth period},
	journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
	volume = {17},
	number = {8},
	year = {2022},
	note = {Place: Bristol Publisher: IOP Publishing Ltd WOS:000827243700001},
	pages = {084008},
	abstract = {Forecasting Antarctic atmospheric, oceanic, and sea ice conditions on subseasonal to seasonal scales remains a major challenge. During both the freezing and melting seasons current operational ensemble forecasting systems show a systematic overestimation of the Antarctic sea-ice edge location. The skill of sea ice cover prediction is closely related to the accuracy of cloud representation in models, as the two are strongly coupled by cloud radiative forcing. In particular, surface downward longwave radiation (DLW) deficits appear to be a common shortcoming in atmospheric models over the Southern Ocean. For example, a recent comparison of ECMWF reanalysis 5th generation (ERA5) global reanalysis with the observations from McMurdo Station revealed a year-round deficit in DLW of approximately 50 Wm(-2) in marine air masses due to model shortages in supercooled cloud liquid water. A comparison with the surface DLW radiation observations from the Ocean Observatories Initiative mooring in the South Pacific at 54.08 degrees S, 89.67 degrees W, for the time period January 2016-November 2018, confirms approximately 20 Wm(-2) deficit in DLW in ERA5 well north of the sea-ice edge. Using a regional ocean model, we show that when DLW is artificially increased by 50 Wm(-2) in the simulation driven by ERAS atmospheric forcing, the predicted sea ice growth agrees much better with the observations. A wide variety of sensitivity tests show that the anomalously large, predicted sea-ice extent is not due to limitations in the ocean model and that by implication the cause resides with the atmospheric forcing.},
	keywords = {Antarctic subseasonal sea ice predictability, coupled modeling of the Southern Ocean, downward longwave radiation deficit, model, ocean, polar weather research, shelf},
	issn = {1748-9326},
	doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac7d66},
	url = {https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac7d66},
	author = {Cerovecki, Ivana and Sun, Rui and Bromwich, David H. and Zou, Xun and Mazloff, Matthew R. and Wang, Sheng-Hung}
}
@article {RN108,
	title = {Integrated Observations of Global Surface Winds, Currents, and Waves: Requirements and Challenges for the Next Decade},
	journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {425},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {Ocean surface winds, currents, and waves play a crucial role in exchanges of momentum, energy, heat, freshwater, gases, and other tracers between the ocean, atmosphere, and ice. Despite surface waves being strongly coupled to the upper ocean circulation and the overlying atmosphere, efforts to improve ocean, atmospheric, and wave observations and models have evolved somewhat independently. From an observational point of view, community efforts to bridge this gap have led to proposals for satellite Doppler oceanography mission concepts, which could provide unprecedented measurements of absolute surface velocity and directional wave spectrum at global scales. This paper reviews the present state of observations of surface winds, currents, and waves, and it outlines observational gaps that limit our current understanding of coupled processes that happen at the air-sea-ice interface. A significant challenge for the coming decade of wind, current, and wave observations will come in combining and interpreting measurements from (a) wave-buoys and high-frequency radars in coastal regions, (b) surface drifters and wave-enabled drifters in the open-ocean, marginal ice zones, and wave-current interaction {\textquotedblleft}hot-spots,{\textquotedblright} and (c) simultaneous measurements of absolute surface currents, ocean surface wind vector, and directional wave spectrum from Doppler satellite sensors.},
	keywords = {absolute surface velocity, air-sea interactions, Doppler oceanography from space, ocean surface winds, surface waves},
	issn = {2296-7745},
	doi = {10.3389/fmars.2019.00425},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00425},
	author = {Villas B{\^o}as, Ana B. and Ardhuin, Fabrice and Ayet, Alex and Bourassa, Mark A. and Brandt, Peter and Chapron, Betrand and Cornuelle, Bruce D. and Farrar, J. T. and Fewings, Melanie R. and Fox-Kemper, Baylor and Gille, Sarah T. and Gommenginger, Christine and Heimbach, Patrick and Hell, Momme C. and Li, Qing and Mazloff, Matthew R. and Merrifield, Sophia T. and Mouche, Alexis and Rio, Marie H. and Rodriguez, Ernesto and Shutler, Jamie D. and Subramanian, Aneesh C. and Terrill, Eric J. and Tsamados, Michel and Ubelmann, Clement and van Sebille, Erik}
}
