@article {seo_ocean_2023,
	title = {Ocean Mesoscale and Frontal-Scale Ocean{\textendash}Atmosphere Interactions and Influence on Large-Scale Climate: A Review},
	journal = {Journal of Climate},
	volume = {36},
	number = {7},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: American Meteorological Society Section: Journal of Climate},
	pages = {1981{\textendash}2013},
	abstract = {Two decades of high-resolution satellite observations and climate modeling studies have indicated strong ocean{\textendash}atmosphere coupled feedback mediated by ocean mesoscale processes, including semipermanent and meandrous SST fronts, mesoscale eddies, and filaments. The air{\textendash}sea exchanges in latent heat, sensible heat, momentum, and carbon dioxide associated with this so-called mesoscale air{\textendash}sea interaction are robust near the major western boundary currents, Southern Ocean fronts, and equatorial and coastal upwelling zones, but they are also ubiquitous over the global oceans wherever ocean mesoscale processes are active. Current theories, informed by rapidly advancing observational and modeling capabilities, have established the importance of mesoscale and frontal-scale air{\textendash}sea interaction processes for understanding large-scale ocean circulation, biogeochemistry, and weather and climate variability. However, numerous challenges remain to accurately diagnose, observe, and simulate mesoscale air{\textendash}sea interaction to quantify its impacts on large-scale processes. This article provides a comprehensive review of key aspects pertinent to mesoscale air{\textendash}sea interaction, synthesizes current understanding with remaining gaps and uncertainties, and provides recommendations on theoretical, observational, and modeling strategies for future air{\textendash}sea interaction research. Significance Statement Recent high-resolution satellite observations and climate models have shown a significant impact of coupled ocean{\textendash}atmosphere interactions mediated by small-scale (mesoscale) ocean processes, including ocean eddies and fronts, on Earth{\textquoteright}s climate. Ocean mesoscale-induced spatial temperature and current variability modulate the air{\textendash}sea exchanges in heat, momentum, and mass (e.g., gases such as water vapor and carbon dioxide), altering coupled boundary layer processes. Studies suggest that skillful simulations and predictions of ocean circulation, biogeochemistry, and weather events and climate variability depend on accurate representation of the eddy-mediated air{\textendash}sea interaction. However, numerous challenges remain in accurately diagnosing, observing, and simulating mesoscale air{\textendash}sea interaction to quantify its large-scale impacts. This article synthesizes the latest understanding of mesoscale air{\textendash}sea interaction, identifies remaining gaps and uncertainties, and provides recommendations on strategies for future ocean{\textendash}weather{\textendash}climate research.},
	keywords = {14 Life Below Water},
	issn = {0894-8755, 1520-0442},
	doi = {10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0982.1},
	url = {https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/36/7/JCLI-D-21-0982.1.xml},
	author = {Seo, Hyodae and O{\textquoteright}Neill, Larry W. and Bourassa, Mark A. and Czaja, Arnaud and Drushka, Kyla and Edson, James B. and Fox-Kemper, Baylor and Frenger, Ivy and Gille, Sarah T. and Kirtman, Benjamin P. and Minobe, Shoshiro and Pendergrass, Angeline G. and Renault, Lionel and Roberts, Malcolm J. and Schneider, Niklas and Small, R. Justin and Stoffelen, Ad and Wang, Qing}
}
@article {RN108,
	title = {Integrated Observations of Global Surface Winds, Currents, and Waves: Requirements and Challenges for the Next Decade},
	journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {425},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {Ocean surface winds, currents, and waves play a crucial role in exchanges of momentum, energy, heat, freshwater, gases, and other tracers between the ocean, atmosphere, and ice. Despite surface waves being strongly coupled to the upper ocean circulation and the overlying atmosphere, efforts to improve ocean, atmospheric, and wave observations and models have evolved somewhat independently. From an observational point of view, community efforts to bridge this gap have led to proposals for satellite Doppler oceanography mission concepts, which could provide unprecedented measurements of absolute surface velocity and directional wave spectrum at global scales. This paper reviews the present state of observations of surface winds, currents, and waves, and it outlines observational gaps that limit our current understanding of coupled processes that happen at the air-sea-ice interface. A significant challenge for the coming decade of wind, current, and wave observations will come in combining and interpreting measurements from (a) wave-buoys and high-frequency radars in coastal regions, (b) surface drifters and wave-enabled drifters in the open-ocean, marginal ice zones, and wave-current interaction {\textquotedblleft}hot-spots,{\textquotedblright} and (c) simultaneous measurements of absolute surface currents, ocean surface wind vector, and directional wave spectrum from Doppler satellite sensors.},
	keywords = {absolute surface velocity, air-sea interactions, Doppler oceanography from space, ocean surface winds, surface waves},
	issn = {2296-7745},
	doi = {10.3389/fmars.2019.00425},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00425},
	author = {Villas B{\^o}as, Ana B. and Ardhuin, Fabrice and Ayet, Alex and Bourassa, Mark A. and Brandt, Peter and Chapron, Betrand and Cornuelle, Bruce D. and Farrar, J. T. and Fewings, Melanie R. and Fox-Kemper, Baylor and Gille, Sarah T. and Gommenginger, Christine and Heimbach, Patrick and Hell, Momme C. and Li, Qing and Mazloff, Matthew R. and Merrifield, Sophia T. and Mouche, Alexis and Rio, Marie H. and Rodriguez, Ernesto and Shutler, Jamie D. and Subramanian, Aneesh C. and Terrill, Eric J. and Tsamados, Michel and Ubelmann, Clement and van Sebille, Erik}
}
