@article {RN121,
	title = {Ocean Observatories as a Tool to Advance Gas Hydrate Research},
	journal = {Earth and Space Science},
	year = {2019},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {Since 2009, unprecedented comprehensive long-term gas hydrate observations have become available from Ocean Networks Canada{\textquoteright}s NEPTUNE cabled ocean observatory at the northern Cascadia margin. Several experiments demonstrate the scientific importance of permanent power and Internet connectivity to the ocean floor as they have advanced the field of gas hydrate related research. One example is the cabled crawler Wally at Barkley Canyon, enabling live in situ exploration of the hydrate mounds and its associated benthic communities through the crawler{\textquoteright}s mobility and permanent accessibility throughout the year. Another example is a bubble-imaging sonar at Clayoquot Slope, revealing the strong relationship between ebullition of natural gas and tidal pressure, without apparent correlation to earthquakes, storms, or temperature fluctuations, in year-long continuous recordings. Finally, regular observatory maintenance cruises allow additional science sampling including echo-sounder surveys to extend the observatory footprint. Long-term trends in the data are not yet apparent but can also become evident from continuous measurements, as ocean observatories such as NEPTUNE are built for a 25-year lifetime, and expansion of the observatory networks makes these findings comparable and testable.},
	doi = {10.1029/2019EA000762},
	author = {Scherwath, M. and Thomsen, L. and Riedel, M. and Romer, M. and Chatzievangelou, D. and Schwendner, J. and Duda, A. and Heesemann, M.}
}
@article {RN225,
	title = {An ecosystem-based deep-ocean strategy},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {355},
	number = {6324},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {452-454},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {Increasing exploration and industrial exploitation of the vast and fragile deep-ocean environment for a wide range of resources (e.g., oil, gas, fisheries, new molecules, and soon, minerals) raises global concerns about potential ecological impacts (1{\textendash}3). Multiple impacts on deep-sea ecosystems (>200 m below sea level; \~{}65\% of the Earth{\textquoteright}s surface is covered by deep ocean) caused by human activities may act synergistically and span extensive areas. Cumulative impacts could eventually cause regime shifts and alter deep-ocean life-support services, such as the biological pump or nutrient recycling (2, 4, 5). Although international law and national legislation largely ignore the deep sea{\textquoteright}s critical role in the functioning and buffering of planetary systems, there are promising developments in support of deep-sea protection at the United Nations and the International Seabed Authority (ISA). We propose a strategy that builds from existing infrastructures to address research and monitoring needs to inform governments and regulators.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.aah7178},
	author = {Danovaro, R. and Aguzzi, J. and Fanelli, E. and Billett, D. and Gjerde, K. and Jamieson, A. and Ramirez-Llodra, E. and Smith, C. R. and Snelgrove, P. V. R. and Thomsen, L. and Van Dover, C. L.}
}
