@article {RN19,
	title = {Thirty-Three Years of Ocean Benthic Warming Along the U.S. Northeast Continental Shelf and Slope: Patterns, Drivers, and Ecological Consequences},
	journal = {J Geophys Res Oceans},
	volume = {122},
	number = {12},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {9399-9414},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {The U.S. Northeast Continental Shelf is experiencing rapid warming, with potentially profound consequences to marine ecosystems. While satellites document multiple scales of spatial and temporal variability on the surface, our understanding of the status, trends, and drivers of the benthic environmental change remains limited. We interpolated sparse benthic temperature data along the New England Shelf and upper Slope using a seasonally dynamic, regionally specific multiple linear regression model that merged in situ and remote sensing data. The statistical model predicted nearly 90\% of the variability of the data, resulting in a synoptic time series spanning over three decades from 1982 to 2014. Benthic temperatures increased throughout the domain, including in the Gulf of Maine. Rates of benthic warming ranged from 0.1 to 0.4{\textdegree}C per decade, with fastest rates occurring in shallow, nearshore regions and on Georges Bank, the latter exceeding rates observed in the surface. Rates of benthic warming were up to 1.6 times faster in winter than the rest of the year in many regions, with important implications for disease occurrence and energetics of overwintering species. Drivers of warming varied over the domain. In southern New England and the mid-Atlantic shallow Shelf regions, benthic warming was tightly coupled to changes in SST, whereas both regional and basin-scale changes in ocean circulation affect temperatures in the Gulf of Maine, the Continental Shelf, and Georges Banks. These results highlight data gaps, the current feasibility of prediction from remotely sensed variables, and the need for improved understanding on how climate may affect seasonally specific ecological processes.},
	issn = {2169-9275 (Print) 2169-9275 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1002/2017JC012953},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29497591},
	author = {Kavanaugh, M. T. and Rheuban, J. E. and Luis, K. M. A. and Doney, S. C.}
}
@article {RN38,
	title = {Air-sea CO2 fluxes and the controls on ocean surface pCO(2) seasonal variability in the coastal and open-ocean southwestern Atlantic Ocean: a modeling study},
	journal = {Biogeosciences},
	volume = {12},
	number = {19},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {5793-5809},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {We use an eddy-resolving, regional ocean biogeochemical model to investigate the main variables and processes responsible for the climatological spatio-temporal variability of pCO2 and the air-sea CO2 fluxes in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Overall, the region acts as a sink of atmospheric CO2 south of 30{\textdegree} S, and is close to equilibrium with the atmospheric CO2 to the north. On the shelves, the ocean acts as a weak source of CO2, except for the mid/outer shelves of Patagonia, which act as sinks. In contrast, the inner shelves and the low latitude open ocean of the southwestern Atlantic represent source regions. Observed nearshore-to-offshore and meridional pCO2 gradients are well represented by our simulation. A sensitivity analysis shows the importance of the counteracting effects of temperature and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in controlling the seasonal variability of pCO2. Biological production and solubility are the main processes regulating pCO2, with biological production being particularly important on the shelves. The role of mixing/stratification in modulating DIC, and therefore surface pCO2, is shown in a vertical profile at the location of the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) site in the Argentine Basin (42{\textdegree} S, 42{\textdegree} W).},
	issn = {1726-4170},
	doi = {10.5194/bg-12-5793-2015},
	author = {Arruda, R. and Calil, P. H. R. and Bianchi, A. A. and Doney, S. C. and Gruber, N. and Lima, I. and Turi, G.}
}
